Zvitsva zvebudiriro yekuvandudza mamodule ekutonhodza ethermoelectric

Zvitsva zvebudiriro yekuvandudza mamodule ekutonhodza ethermoelectric

I. Tsvagiridzo yekubudirira paZvishandiso neMiganhu yeKushanda

1. Kudzama kwepfungwa ye "phonon glass - electronic crystal": •

Zvakaitwa munguva pfupi yapfuura: Vaongorori vakakurumidza kuongorora zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa zvine thermal conductivity yakaderera uye Seebeck coefficient yakakwira kuburikidza ne high-throughput computing uye machine learning. Semuenzaniso, vakawana Zintl phase compounds (dzakadai seYbCd2Sb2) dzine maumbirwo akaomarara ekristaro uye compounds dzakaita sekeji, dzine ZT values ​​dzinopfuura dzeBi2Te3 dzechinyakare mukati memhando dzakasiyana dzetembiricha. •

Maitiro e "Entropy engineering": Kuunza kusagadzikana kwe compositional mu high-entropy alloys kana multi-component solid solutions, iyo inoparadzira zvakanyanya maphononi kuti ideredze zvakanyanya thermal conductivity pasina kukanganisa zvakanyanya hunyanzvi hwemagetsi, yave nzira itsva inoshanda yekuvandudza thermoelectric figure of merit.

2. Kufambira Mberi Kwemiganhu Muzvikamu Zvishoma Nezvishoma:

Zvinhu zve thermoelectric zvine mativi maviri: Ongororo dzakaitwa pa single-layer/monolayer SnSe, MoS₂, nezvimwewo dzakaratidza kuti quantum confinement effect yavo uye surface states zvinogona kukonzera simba rakawanda uye thermal conductivity yakaderera, zvichiita kuti pave nemukana wekugadzira ma micro-TEC akatetepa, anochinjika. ma micro thermoelectric cooling modules, micro peltier coolers (Micro peltier elements).

Unyanzvi hwekubatanidza ma "nanometer-scale interface engineering": Kunyatso dzora ma "microstructures" akadai se "grain boundaries", dislocations, uye nano-phase precipitates", zvichiparadzira zvinhu zvinotakura mafuta (phonons) nenzira yakasarudzika uku zvichibvumira maerekitironi kuti apfuure zvakanaka, nokudaro zvichiputsa hukama hwechinyakare hwe thermoelectric parameters (conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, thermal conductivity).

II. Kutsvaga Nzira Itsva dzeKuisa muFriji neMidziyo

1. Kutonhodza kwethermoelectric kwakavakirwa pa-on-based:

Iyi inzira itsva itsva. Nekushandisa kuchinja kwemaion (sekunge electrolysis nekusimba) pasi pesimba remagetsi kuti uwane kunyudzwa kwekupisa zvinobudirira. Tsvagiridzo yazvino inoratidza kuti mamwe ma ionic gels kana liquid electrolytes anogona kugadzira musiyano mukuru wekupisa kupfuura maTEC echinyakare, ma peltier modules, ma TEC modules, ma Thermoelectric coolers, pamagetsi akaderera, zvichivhura nzira itsva yekuvandudza matekinoroji ekutonhodza echizvarwa chinotevera anochinjika, akanyarara, uye anoshanda zvakanyanya.

2. Kuedza kuderedza kutonhora kwemufiriji uchishandisa makadhi emagetsi nemakadhi ekumanikidza: •

Kunyangwe isiri nzira yekupisa, semuchina unokwikwidzana wekutonhodza kwakasimba, zvinhu izvi (senge mapolymers neceramics) zvinogona kuratidza shanduko huru dzekupisa pasi pemagetsi kana kushushikana. Tsvagiridzo yazvino iri kuyedza kuderedza nekuronga zvinhu zve electrocaloric/pressurcaloric, uye kuita kuenzanisa kwakavakirwa panheyo uye kukwikwidzana neTEC, peltier module, thermoelectric cooling module, Peltier device kuitira kuti vaongorore mhinduro dze micro-cooling dzine simba rakaderera.

III. Miganhu yeKubatanidzwa kweSisitimu uye Kuvandudzwa kweMashandisirwo

1. Kubatanidzwa kwe "on-chip" pakupisa kwe "chip-level":

Tsvagiridzo yazvino inotarisa pakubatanidza micro TEC, micro thermoelectric module， (thermoelectric cooling module), peltier elements, uye silicon-based chips monolithically (muchipisi chimwe chete). Uchishandisa tekinoroji yeMEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems), micro-scale thermoelectric column arrays inogadzirwa zvakananga kumashure kwechipisi kuti ipe "point-to-point" active cooling real-time kune nzvimbo dzinopisa dzemuno dzeCPUs/GPUs, idzo dzinotarisirwa kupwanya thermal bottleneck pasi peVon ​​Neumann architecture. Iyi inoonekwa seimwe yemhinduro dzekupedzisira kudambudziko re "heat wall" remachipisi esimba remakombiyuta emangwana.

2. Kutarisira kupisa kwemagetsi kunozvishandisa wega pamagetsi anopfekwa uye anochinjika:

Kubatanidza mabasa maviri ekugadzira magetsi anodziya uye kutonhora. Zvakaitwa zvitsva zvinosanganisira kugadzirwa kwemafiber anodziya anochinjika uye ane simba guru. Izvi hazvingogone kugadzira magetsi ezvishandiso zvinopfekwa chete nekushandisa kusiyana kwekupisa.， asiwo kudzikamisa kutonhora kwenzvimbo (senge kudzikamisa yunifomu dzebasa rakakosha) kuburikidza nereverse current， kuwana simba rakabatanidzwa uye manejimendi yekupisa.

3. Kudzora tembiricha nemazvo mu quantum technology uye biosensing:

Munzvimbo dzemazuva ano dzakadai se quantum bits uye high-sensitivity sensors, kudzora tembiricha kwakanyatsojeka padanho re mK (millikelvin) kwakakosha. Tsvagiridzo yazvino inotarisa pane multi-stage TEC, multi-stage peltier module (thermoelectric cooling module) systems dzine kunyatsojeka kwakanyanya (±0.001°C) uye inoongorora kushandiswa kweTEC module, peltier device, peltier cooler, yekudzima ruzha, nechinangwa chekugadzira nzvimbo yekupisa yakasimba kwazvo yemapuratifomu e quantum computing uye zvishandiso zvekuona mamorekuru rimwe chete.

IV. Kugadzira Zvinhu Zvitsva MuTekinoroji Yekutevedzera Nekuvandudza

Dhizaini Inotungamirirwa neUngwaru Hwekugadzira: Kushandisa AI (yakadai sema network ekurwisa anobereka, kudzidza kwekusimbisa) pakugadzira "maitiro-maitiro-maitiro" e "zvinhu", kufanotaura kuumbwa kwezvinhu zvakawanda, zvakakamurwa uye geometry yemidziyo kuti uwane kutonhora kwakanyanya mukati mehuwandu hwakakura hwekupisa, zvichipfupisa zvakanyanya kutenderera kwekutsvaga nekuvandudza.

Pfupiso:

Zvakawanikwa patsvakurudzo yepeltier element, thermoelectric cooling module (TEC module) zviri kubva pakuva "nekuvandudzwa" kuenda kukuva "shanduko". Zvinhu zvikuru zvinotevera: •

Chikamu chezvinhu: Kubva pakushandisa zvinodhaka zvakawanda kusvika pakushandisa maatomu pamwe nekudzora entropy engineering.

Padanho rekutanga: Kubva pakuvimba nemaerekitironi kusvika pakutsvaga zvinhu zvitsva zvinotakura chaji zvakaita semaion nemapolaron.

Danho rekubatanidza: Kubva kuzvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kusvika pakubatanidzwa kwakadzama nemachipisi, machira, uye zvishandiso zvehupenyu.

Danho rechinangwa: Kubva pakutonhodza zvinhu zvakanyanya kusvika pakugadzirisa matambudziko ekugadzirisa kupisa kwematekinoroji emazuva ano akadai se quantum computing uye integrated optoelectronics.

Kufambira mberi uku kunoratidza kuti matekinoroji ekutonhodza emagetsi emunguva yemberi achava anoshanda zviri nani, akaderedzwa, akangwara, uye akabatanidzwa zvakadzama muchikamu chikuru chetekinoroji yeruzivo yechizvarwa chinotevera, tekinoroji yebhayoloji, uye masisitimu esimba.