Nzira itsva yekuvandudza indasitiri yekutonhodza yethermoelectric
Ma "thermoelectric coolers", anozivikanwawo se "thermoelectric cooling modules", ane mabhenefiti asingatsiviwe muminda chaiyo nekuda kwemabasa awo akadai sekusava nezvikamu zvinofamba, kudzora tembiricha kwakaringana, saizi diki, uye kuvimbika kwakanyanya. Mumakore achangopfuura, hapana kufambira mberi kwakakura muzvinhu zvekutanga mumunda uyu, asi kufambira mberi kukuru kwakaitwa mukugadzirisa zvinhu, dhizaini yesystem, uye kuwedzera mashandisirwo.
Zvinotevera ndizvo zvimwe zvinhu zvitsva zvikuru zvinoitwa pakuvandudza:
I. Kufambira Mberi Muzvinhu Zvikuru Nemidziyo
Kuenderera mberi nekugadzirisa mashandiro ezvinhu zvinopisa magetsi
Kugadzirisa zvinhu zvechinyakare (zvakavakirwa paBi₂Te₃): Makomputa eBismuth tellurium anoramba ari zvinhu zvinoshanda zvakanyanya pedyo netembiricha yemumba. Chinangwa chekutsvaga pari zvino ndechekuwedzera kukosha kwayo kwethermoelectric kuburikidza nemaitiro akadai se nanosizing, doping, uye texturing. Semuenzaniso, nekugadzira nanowaya uye superlattice structures kuti iwedzere kupararira kwephonon uye kuderedza thermal conductivity, kushanda zvakanaka kunogona kuvandudzwa pasina kukanganisa zvakanyanya kufambisa kwemagetsi.
Kutsvaga zvinhu zvitsva: Kunyangwe zvisati zvave kuwanikwa mumusika zvakanyanya, vaongorori vanga vachiongorora zvinhu zvitsva zvakaita seSnSe, Mg₃Sb₂, uye CsBi₄Te₆, izvo zvingave nekwaniso yakakura kupfuura Bi₂Te₃ munzvimbo dzakatarwa dzekupisa, zvichipa mukana wekuti mashandiro azvo akwire mune ramangwana.
Kuvandudzwa muchimiro chemudziyo uye maitiro ekubatanidza
Kugadzira zvinhu zvishoma uye kuronga: Kuti zvienderane nezvinodiwa zvemidziyo midiki yakaita semidziyo yemagetsi (senge nharembozha inobvisa kupisa) uye michina yekutaurirana yemaziso, maitiro ekugadzira ma micro-TEC (micro thermoelectric cooling modules, Miniature thermoelectric modules) ari kuramba achiwedzera kuomarara. Zvinokwanisika kugadzira ma peltier modules, mapeltier coolers, midziyo yepeltier, midziyo yethermoelectric ine saizi ye1×1 mm chete kana kuti diki, uye inogona kubatanidzwa mu arrays kuti iwane kutonhora kwakakodzera kwenzvimbo.
Flexible TEC module (peltier module): Iyi inyaya iri kutsva. Nekushandisa matekinoroji akadai semagetsi akadhindwa nezvinhu zvinochinjika, ma TEC modules asiri eplanar, zvishandiso zvepeltier zvinogona kukotama uye kunamirwa zvinogadzirwa. Izvi zvine mikana yakakura muminda yakaita semidziyo yemagetsi inopfekwa uye biomedicine yemuno (senge ma compresses anotonhorera anotakurika).
Kugadzirisa chimiro chezvikamu zvakawanda: Pamamiriro ezvinhu anoda musiyano mukuru wekupisa, module yeTEC ine zvikamu zvakawanda, mamodule ekutonhodza ethermoelectric ane zvikamu zvakawanda ndiwo anoramba ari mhinduro huru. Kufambira mberi kuripo kunoratidzwa mukugadzirwa kwechimiro uye maitiro ekubatanidza, nechinangwa chekuderedza kuramba kupisa pakati pezvikamu, kuwedzera kuvimbika kwese uye musiyano mukuru wekupisa.
Ii. Kuwedzera kweMashandisirwo neMhinduro dzeSystem-level
Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo inonyanya kuchinja-chinja pari zvino uko budiriro itsva dzinogona kuonekwa zvakananga.
Kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji yekupisa-kupisa
Chinhu chikuru chinodzivisa mashandiro eTEC module, thermoelectric module, uye peltier module kazhinji kugona kwayo kudzima kupisa panopisa. Kuvandudzika kwebasa reTEC kuri kusimbiswa pamwe nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yekupisa inoshanda zvakanyanya.
Yakasanganiswa neVC vapor chambers/heat pombi: Mundima yezvemagetsi zvevatengi, TEC module, peltier device inowanzo sanganiswa ne vacuum chamber vapor chamber. TEC module, peltier cooler ndiyo ine basa rekugadzira nzvimbo ine tembiricha yakaderera, nepo VC ichinyatso paradzanisa kupisa kubva kumucheto unopisa weTEC module, peltier element kusvika kumafins makuru ekupisa, ichigadzira system solution ye "active cooling + efficiency heat conduction and removal". Iyi inzira itsva mumamodule ekupisa emafoni emitambo nemakadhi emifananidzo epamusoro.
Pamwe chete nemaitiro ekutonhodza emvura: Munzvimbo dzakadai senzvimbo dzedata uye ma laser ane simba guru, TEC module inosanganiswa nemaitiro ekutonhodza emvura. Nekushandisa mukana wekupisa kwakanyanya kwemvura, kupisa kuri pamucheto weTEC module thermoelectric module kunobviswa, zvichiita kuti kutonhodza kugone kushanda zvakanaka zvisati zvamboitika.
Kudzora kwakangwara uye manejimendi ekushandisa simba zvakanaka
Masisitimu ekutonhodza emazuva ano ethermoelectric ari kuwedzera kubatanidza masensa ekupisa akanyatsogadzirwa uye maPID/PWM controllers. Nekugadzirisa input current/voltage yethermoelectric module, TEC module, peltier module munguva chaiyo kuburikidza nemaalgorithms, kugadzikana kwetembiricha ye±0.1℃ kana kupfuura kunogona kuwanikwa, ukuwo kudzivirira kuwandisa uye kutenderera uye kuchengetedza simba.
Maitiro ekushanda kwepulse: Kune mamwe maapplication, kushandisa simba repulse panzvimbo pesimba rinoenderera mberi kunogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekutonhodza ipapo ipapo ukuwo kuchideredza zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwesimba rose uye kudzikamisa mutoro wekupisa.
III. Minda yekushandiswa iri kukura uye yakakura
Kupisa kupisa kwemagetsi evatengi
Nharembozha dzemitambo nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa pamitambo yemagetsi: Iyi ndeimwe yenzvimbo huru dziri kukura mumusika we thermoelectric cooling modules, TEC modules, uye pletier modules mumakore achangopfuura. active cooling back clip ine ma thermoelectric modules akavakirwa mukati (TEC modules), anogona kudzvinyirira zvakananga tembiricha yeSoC yefoni pasi petembiricha yemhepo, zvichiita kuti irambe ichishanda zvakanaka panguva yemitambo.
Malaptop nematafura emakombiyuta: Mamwe malaptop emhando yepamusoro nemakadhi emifananidzo (akadai semakadhi eNVIDIA RTX 30/40 series reference) atanga kuedza kubatanidza maTEC modules, ma thermoelectric modules kuti abatsire mukutonhodza ma core chips.
Nzvimbo dzekutaurirana neruzivo rwemaziso
5G/6G optical modules: Ma lasers (DFB/EML) ari muma high-speed optical modules anonyanya kugadzikana netembiricha uye anoda TEC kuti tembiricha irambe iripo (kazhinji iri mukati me ±0.5℃) kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti wavelength yakagadzikana uye mhando yekutumira data. Sezvo data rates richichinja kuenda ku800G ne1.6T, kudiwa uye zvinodiwa zveTEC modules thermoelectric mdoules peltier coolers, peltier elements zviri kuwedzera.
Kutonhodza kwenzvimbo munzvimbo dzedata: Kutarisa nzvimbo dzinopisa dzakadai seCPUS neGPUS, kushandisa TEC module pakutonhodza kwakanangwa kwakawedzerwa ndeimwe yenzira dzekutsvaga dzekuvandudza mashandiro esimba uye huwandu hwemakombiyuta munzvimbo dzedata.
Zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvemotokari
Chivharo chakaiswa mumotokari: Chivharo chepakati chelaser chelidar chinoda tembiricha yekushanda yakagadzikana. TEC chinhu chakakosha chinoita kuti chive nechokwadi chekuti chinoshanda zvakanaka munzvimbo dzakaoma dzakaiswa mumotokari (-40℃ kusvika +105℃).
Macockpits akangwara uye masisitimu epamusoro-soro ekuvaraidza: Nekuwedzera kwesimba remachipisi ari mumota, zvinodiwa zvavo zvekudzima kupisa zviri kuenderana zvishoma nezvishoma nezvinodiwa nemagetsi evatengi. TEC module, TE cooler inotarisirwa kushandiswa mumota dzemhando yepamusoro dzemangwana.
Sainzi yezvekurapa nehupenyu
Midziyo yekurapa inotakurika yakaita sePCR instruments uye DNA sequencers inoda tembiricha inodzokororwa nekukurumidza uye nemazvo, uye TEC,peltier module ndiyo inonyanya kukosha pakudzora tembiricha. Kuwanda kwekushandiswa kwemidziyo midiki uye inotakurika kwakaita kuti pave nekutonhodza kweTEC, peltier.
Midziyo yekushongedza: Mimwe michina yekushongedza yepamusoro-soro inoshandisa Peltier effect yeTEC, peltier device kuti iite mabasa chaiwo ekudzvanya anotonhora uye anopisa.
Nzvimbo dzemuchadenga nenzvimbo dzakakosha
Kutonhodza kweinfrared detector: Munzvimbo dzemauto, dzemuchadenga nedzesainzi, infrared detectors dzinofanira kutonhodzwa kusvika pakupisa kwakaderera zvakanyanya (senge -80℃) kuderedza ruzha. Multi-stage TEC module, multi-stage peltier module, multi-stage thermoelectric module imhinduro diki uye yakavimbika yekuzadzisa chinangwa ichi.
Kudzora tembiricha yemutoro wesatellite: Kupa nzvimbo yakagadzikana yekupisa yemidziyo yakanyatsogadzirwa pamasatellite.
Matambudziko Akatarisana Nawo Neramangwana
Dambudziko guru: Kusashanda nesimba zvakanyanya kuchiri chikanganiso chikuru cheTEC module peltier module (thermoelectric module) kana tichienzanisa nekutonhodza kwecompressor yechinyakare. Kushanda kwayo kwekutonhodza kwethermoelectric kwakaderera zvikuru pane kweCarnot cycle.
Maonero eramangwana
Kubudirira kwezvinhu ndicho chinangwa chikuru: kana zvinhu zvitsva zvine thermoelectric superior value ye3.0 kana kupfuura pedyo netembiricha yemumba zvikawanikwa kana kugadzirwa (parizvino, Bi₂Te₃ yekutengeserana inenge 1.0), zvichakonzera shanduko huru muindasitiri yese.
Kubatanidzwa kwesystem uye hungwaru: Makwikwi emangwana achachinja zvakanyanya kubva pa "kushanda kweTEC yega yega" kuenda pakukwanisa kwemhinduro yese yesystem ye "TEC+ heat dissipation + control". Kusanganisa neAI yekudzora tembiricha yekufanotaura zvakare inzira.
Kuderedzwa kwemitengo uye kupinda kwemusika: Nekukura kwemaitiro ekugadzira uye kugadzirwa kukuru, mitengo yeTEC inotarisirwa kudzikira zvakanyanya, nekudaro ichipinda mumisika yepakati uye kunyange yakakura.
Muchidimbu, indasitiri yepasi rose yethermoelectric cooler iri muchikamu chekuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hunotungamirirwa nekushandiswa uye kushandira pamwe. Kunyangwe pasina shanduko dzakaitika muzvinhu zvekutanga, kuburikidza nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji yeinjiniya uye kubatanidzwa kwakadzama netekinoroji yepamusoro neyepasi, TEC module Peltier module, peltier cooler iri kuwana nzvimbo yayo isingatsivike muhuwandu huri kuwedzera hweminda iri kubuda uye yakakosha, zvichiratidza simba rakasimba.
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-30-2025
